BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//wp-events-plugin.com//6.6.4.4//EN TZID:Asia/Jerusalem X-WR-TIMEZONE:Asia/Jerusalem BEGIN:VEVENT UID:982@biotech.technion.ac.il DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Jerusalem:20201216T160000 DTEND;TZID=Asia/Jerusalem:20220202T164952 DTSTAMP:20220512T124720Z URL:https://biotech.technion.ac.il/events/diet-microbe-interactions-in-the -gut-molecular-crosstalk-across-domains-of-life-2/ SUMMARY:Diet: microbe interactions in the gut - molecular crosstalk across domains of life DESCRIPTION:The human gut microbiome is increasingly seen as relevant to ho st physiology and risk of chronic disease. Microbial exposures and the met abolites produced by the gut microbiota regulate host immune function from immune education in the infant to senescence in old age. They regulate ho st energy metabolism and the homeostasis of glucose and cholesterol\, two critical factors in cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. Rec ent work has also shown that both the composition of the gut microbiota an d gut microbiota derived metabolites play a critical regulatory role along the gut:brain axis impacting on sleep\, stress resilience\, cognitive fun ction and psychiatric diseases including depression\, autism\, dementia\, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. The gut microbiota is sha ped by many factors\, including host intestinal secretions and immune effe ctor molecules\, age\, disease\, drug/xenobiotic exposure\, lifestyle and diet. Indeed diet\, especially consumption of dietary fibers and plant pol yphenols on the one hand\, and ultra-processed foods\, sugar\, saturated f at and animal protein on the other\, has a dramatic effect on the diversit y and relative abundance of different bacteria within the gut microbiota\, and also on the profile of metabolites produced by the gut microbiota. Th ese metabolites\, especially short chain fatty acids from fiber fermentati on and small phenolic acids from metabolism of plant polyphenols\, are tho ught to mediate at least in part\, the beneficial effects of healthy eatin g patterns like the Mediterranean style diet. Moreover\, either directly t hrough chelating activities or indirectly by modifying gut microbiota comp osition and their enzymatic potential\, fibers and complex plant polypheno ls can impact on the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and in partic ular the type and quantity of secondary bile acids returning from the gut to the liver and systemic circulation. Different bile acid species\, in th e liver\, muscle\, adipose tissue\, immune cells and intestinal mucosa\, h ave different potentials to regulate inflammation\, lipid and glucose meta bolism\, and the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine\, as well as their own biosynthesis in the liver. Therefore the chemical cross talk be tween diet\, microbiota and host immune and metabolic pathways in particul ar\, is coming increasingly under the spot light in the search for the und erlying mechanisms linking healthy eating patterns and chronic disease ris k. This presentation will discuss recent examples from our work combining microbiota analysis with metabolomics\, in order to identify key metabolit es characteristic of diet:microbe interactions with potential to regulate host immune and metabolic pathways involved in obesity related disease. Re cognizing that the gut is an open system\, at both ends\, and the potentia l of food chain microbiomes to act as microbiome modulators in humans and in other animals\, I will also present our recent work on selecting probio tic strains from local Italian artisanal dairy products.\n\n \n\nAbstract END:VEVENT BEGIN:VTIMEZONE TZID:Asia/Jerusalem X-LIC-LOCATION:Asia/Jerusalem BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20201025T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0300 TZOFFSETTO:+0200 TZNAME:IST END:STANDARD BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20210326T030000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0200 TZOFFSETTO:+0300 TZNAME:IDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20211031T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0300 TZOFFSETTO:+0200 TZNAME:IST END:STANDARD END:VTIMEZONE END:VCALENDAR